Spain remains a top destination for individuals seeking a new home, especially remote workers, retirees, and families eager to experience its vibrant culture and lifestyle. If you’re planning an extended stay in Spain, the Non-Lucrative Residency Visa (NLV) and the Digital Nomad Visa (DNV) are two of the most sought-after options. Understanding their differences will help you decide which visa aligns best with your goals.
Spanish Non-Lucrative Visa and Digital Nomad Visa: A Quick Overview
Spanish Non-Lucrative Visa
The Non-Lucrative Residency Visa is designed for individuals who do not intend to work while living in Spain. It is ideal for retirees, individuals with significant savings, or those who can financially support themselves through passive income. Key requirements include:
- Proof of sufficient financial resources. Financial requirements for the Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV) have increased. In 2025, the minimum income requirement is €28,800 per year for the main applicant (400% of the IPREM), which is approximately €2,400 per month
- Private health insurance valid in Spain.
- A clean criminal record.
This visa allows holders to reside in Spain but prohibits any form of employment or business activity.
Spanish Digital Nomad Visa
The Digital Nomad Visa caters to remote workers who wish to live in Spain while working for companies or clients outside the country. It offers:
- Permission to work remotely for foreign employers or clients.
- A reduced non-resident income tax rate of 24% on earnings up to €600,000.
- Flexibility to apply for the visa from abroad or within Spain (grants a three-year validity when applied for in Spain).
Eligibility requirements include:
- Proof of remote work (contract with a foreign employer or proof of freelance income).
- Minimum income threshold: Financial means must be at least 200% of the monthly Spanish national minimum wage. In 2024/25, the Spanish minimum wage is 1,134 euros, paid in 14 payments. In 12 payments, the Spanish minimum wage is 1,323 euros. Therefore, the applicant must prove they have financial means of, at least, 2,646 euros per month.For the Digital Nomad Visa (DNV), the minimum monthly income requirement is €2,646 per month, or €31,752 per year.
- A university degree or three years of relevant work experience.
- Applicants must demonstrate professional experience in fields related to technology, digital marketing, programming, or other remote-friendly industries. Higher education degrees in relevant disciplines are also accepted
Key Differences Between the NLV and DNV
Purpose
- Non-Lucrative Visa: For those who wish to live in Spain without working, ideal for retirees or individuals relying on savings.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Designed for remote workers earning an income from clients or employers outside Spain.
Work Permissions
- Non-Lucrative Visa: Strictly prohibits employment or business activity in Spain.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Allows remote work but prohibits working for Spanish companies or clients.
Tax Benefits
- Non-Lucrative Visa: No specific tax benefits; general Spanish tax rates apply.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Offers a reduced non-resident income tax rate of 24% on earnings up to €600,000.
Application Process
- Non-Lucrative Visa: Must be applied for in your home country before entering Spain.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Can be applied for either in your home country or while already in Spain.
Duration and Flexibility
- Non-Lucrative Visa: Initially valid for one year, renewable for two years at a time, up to five years, after which permanent residency can be sought.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Initially valid for one year (three years if applied for in Spain), renewable annually, up to five years.
Pros and Cons
Non-Lucrative Visa
Advantages:
- Allows extended residency without the need to work.
- Facilitates travel across the Schengen Area.
- Pathway to permanent residency and eventual Spanish citizenship.
Disadvantages:
- Strict prohibition on employment.
- Requires substantial financial resources.
- Application process can be complex and time-consuming.
Digital Nomad Visa
Advantages:
- Enables remote work while residing in Spain.
- Favorable tax regime for remote workers.
- Three-year validity when applied for in Spain, offering more stability.
Disadvantages:
- Limited to remote work; cannot provide services to Spanish clients or companies.
- Requires proof of professional qualifications or extensive work experience.
- May not guarantee a pathway to long-term residency or citizenship.
Visa Processing Fees for NLV and DNV visas
For the Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV) in 2025, the application fees are as follows:
- In the United Kingdom: The fee is £516 per person, plus a £9.45 processing fee, which is the same as the Digital Nomad Visa (DNV)
- In the United States: The application fee is $140 for American citizens. This is different from the $152 mentioned for the DNV.
It’s important to note that these fees may not include additional costs such as:
- Health insurance premiums
- Document translation and legalization fees
- Potential service fees if using a visa application service
The total cost for applying for an NLV can vary widely, often ranging between $1,500 and $5,200 for two adults, depending on individual circumstances and whether professional assistance is sought.
For the Digital Nomad Visa (DNV) in Spain in 2025, the application fees are as follows:
- In the United Kingdom: The fee is £516 per person, plus a £9.45 processing fee.
- In the United States: The application fee is $152.
Additional costs associated with the DNV application include:
- Consular fee: €80
- Fee for obtaining the NIE number: €9.84
- Government fee for issuing a residence permit card: €79.26
- Health insurance: Minimum €50 per month for a single applicant
- Notary and translation services: €1,000 or more
It’s important to note that these fees may not include other expenses such as document translation, legalization fees, and potential service fees if using a visa application service. The total cost for applying for a DNV can vary depending on individual circumstances and whether professional assistance is sought.
Choosing the Right Visa for You
Selecting the right visa depends on your individual needs and circumstances:
- Retirees and families with substantial savings may find the NLV more suitable for a leisurely lifestyle.
- Remote workers and freelancers seeking flexibility and tax benefits will likely prefer the DNV.
Regardless of your choice, professional guidance can streamline the application process. At Hola to Spain, we specialize in helping individuals navigate Spain’s visa requirements. Contact us at editor@holatospain.com or visit our website at https://holatospain.com for tailored advice and assistance.
FAQs
1. Can I switch from a Non-Lucrative Visa to a Digital Nomad Visa? Yes, you can switch visas while residing in Spain. However, specific requirements and procedures apply. Consulting an immigration expert is recommended.
2. Can family members accompany me on either visa? Yes, both visas allow you to bring dependents, provided you meet the additional financial requirements.
3. What is the main tax advantage of the Digital Nomad Visa? Holders of the DNV benefit from a reduced non-resident income tax rate of 24% on earnings up to €600,000, making it attractive for high earners.
4. Can I apply for the NLV while in Spain? No, the NLV must be applied for in your country of residence before traveling to Spain.
5. How long does it take to process these visas? Processing times vary, but typically:
- NLV: 2-3 months.
- DNV: 1-2 months (possibly faster if applied for in Spain).
Conclusion
Both the Non-Lucrative Visa and Digital Nomad Visa offer unique pathways to enjoying life in Spain. By evaluating your work situation, financial resources, and long-term goals, you can make an informed decision. Let Hola to Spain guide you through the process for a seamless transition to your new home. Reach out today at editor@holatospain.com or https://holatospain.com.
Say Hola to Your New Home in Spain!
